iindaba

Kwi-2011, inyikima kunye ne-tsunami yachaphazela i-Fukushima Daiichi amandla enyukliya e-1 ukuya kwi-3 ye-reactor core meltdown. Ukususela kwingozi, i-TEPCO iqhubekile nokufaka amanzi kwiinqanawa ezigciniweyo ze-Units 1 ukuya kwi-3 ukupholisa i-reactor cores kunye nokubuyisela amanzi angcolileyo, kwaye ukususela ngo-Matshi 2021, i-1.25 yezigidi zeetoni zamanzi angcolileyo zigcinwe, kunye neetoni ze-140 zongezwa yonke imihla.

Ngomhla we-9 ka-Epreli, 2021, urhulumente waseJapan ngokusisiseko wagqiba kwelokuba akhuphe ilindle lenyukliya kwiziko lamandla enyukliya iFukushima Daiichi liwase elwandle. Ngomhla we-13 ku-Epreli, urhulumente waseJapan wabamba intlanganiso yekhabhinethi efanelekileyo kwaye wagqiba ngokusesikweni: Izigidi zeetoni zogutyulo lwenyukliya olusuka kwiziko lamandla enyukliya le-Fukushima Lokuqala luya kuhluzwa kwaye lugalelwe elwandle kwaye lukhutshwe emva ko-2023. Abaphengululi baseJapan baye bachaza ukuba ulwandle olujikeleze i-Fukushima ayisiyo indawo yokuloba yabalobi basekhaya kuphela ukuba baphile, kodwa nakwi-Pacific Ocean kunye nehlabathi jikelele. Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka enyukliya elwandle kuya kuchaphazela ukufuduka kweentlanzi zehlabathi, ukuloba elwandle, impilo yabantu, ukhuseleko lwendalo kunye neminye imiba, ke lo mbandela awungomcimbi wasekhaya kuphela eJapan, kodwa ngumba wamazwe ngamazwe obandakanya i-ecology ye-Marine yehlabathi kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.

Ngomhla we-4 kaJulayi, i-2023, i-International Atomic Energy Agency yabhengeza kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni ukuba i-arhente ikholelwa ukuba isicwangciso sase-Japan sokukhupha amanzi angcolileyo enyukliya siyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngomhla we-7 kaJulayi, uGunyaziwe woLawulo lwaMandla e-Atom yaseJapan ukhuphe “isiqinisekiso sokwamkelwa” seZiko le-Fukushima First nuclear Power Plant elingcolisekileyo izibonelelo zokuhambisa amanzi kwi-Tokyo Electric Power Company. Ngomhla we-9 ka-Agasti, uMsebenzi osisigxina we-China kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye neminye imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe e-Vienna yapapasha kwiwebhusayithi yayo iPhepha lokuSebenza malunga nokuLahlwa kwamanzi aNyukliya aNyukliya kwi-Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant eJapan (ifakwe kwiSeshini yokuQala yokuLungiselela iNkomfa yeshumi elinanye yeSivumelwano kwi-NonProliferation ye-Nuclear-Webhu).

Ngentsimbi ye-13:00 nge-24 ka-Agasti 2023, iziko lamandla enyukliya laseJapan iFukushima Daiichi laqalisa ukukhuphela amanzi angcolisekileyo enyukliya elwandle.

Iingozi zokukhutshelwa kwamanzi amdaka enyukliya elwandle:

1.Ukungcoliswa kwe-radioactive

Amanzi amdaka eNyukliya aqulethe imathiriyeli yeradioactive, efana neradioisotopes, kuquka i-tritium, i-strontium, i-cobalt kunye ne-iodine. Ezi mathiriyeli ze-radioactive zi-radioactive kwaye zinokubangela ingozi kubomi baseLwandle kunye ne-ecosystem. Bangangena kwikhonkco lokutya ngokufunxa okanye ukufunxa ngokuthe ngqo zizidalwa zaseLwandle, ekugqibeleni zichaphazela ukutya kwabantu ngokutya kwaselwandle.

2. Iimpembelelo ze-ikhosistim
Ulwandle yinkqubo entsonkothileyo ye-ecosystem, enabemi abaninzi bebhayoloji kunye neenkqubo ze-ikholoji ezixhomekeke enye kwenye. Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka enyukliya kunokuphazamisa ulungelelwaniso lwendalo yaseLwandle. Ukukhutshwa kwemathiriyeli ye-radioactive kunokukhokelela kwiinguqu, ukukhubazeka kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuzala kobomi baseLwandle. Zisenokwenzakalisa amacandelo abalulekileyo e-ecosystem afana ne-coral reef, iibhedi zengca yolwandle, izityalo zaseLwandle kunye ne-microorganisms, ezithi zichaphazele impilo kunye nozinzo lwe-ecosystem yonke yaseLwandle.

3. Ukuhanjiswa kwekhonkco lokutya

Iimathiriyeli zokusasazeka ngemitha kumanzi amdaka enyukliya zinokungena kwizinto eziphila eLwandle zize zidlule kwikhonkco lokutya ziye kwezinye izinto eziphilayo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuqokeleleni ngokuthe ngcembe kwezixhobo ze-radioactive kwikhonkco lokutya, ekugqibeleni kuchaphazele impilo yezilwanyana ezizingelayo, kuquka iintlanzi, izilwanyana zaselwandle kunye neentaka. Abantu banokuginya ezi zinto zeradioactive ngokusebenzisa ukutya kwaselwandle okungcolisekileyo, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko empilweni.

4. Ukusasazeka kongcoliseko
Emva kokuba amanzi amdaka enyukliya ekhutshelwe elwandle, imathiriyeli yeradioactive inokusasazeka kwindawo ebanzi yolwandle ngemisinga yolwandle. Oku kushiya i-ecosystem eyongezelelekileyo yaseLwandle kunye noluntu olunokuthi luchatshazelwe lungcoliseko lwe-radioactive, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezikufuphi nemizi-mveliso yamandla enyukliya okanye iziza zokukhupha. Oku kusasazeka kongcoliseko kunokuwela imida yelizwe kuze kube yingxaki yehlabathi jikelele yokusingqongileyo nokhuseleko.

5. Iingozi zempilo
Amachiza okusasazeka ngemitha kumanzi amdaka enyukliya abeka imingcipheko enokubakho kwimpilo yabantu. Ukuginya okanye ukudibana nemathiriyeli ye-radioactive kungakhokelela ekubeni sesichengeni ngemitha kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nempilo ezifana nomhlaza, umonakalo wemfuzo kunye neengxaki zokuzala. Nangona izinto ezikhutshwayo zinokulawulwa ngokungqongqo, ukuba sesichengeni semitha yexesha elide kunye nokonyukayo kunokubeka imingcipheko yempilo enokubakho ebantwini.

Izenzo zaseJapan zichaphazela ngqo indawo yokuhlala kwabantu kunye nekamva labantwana bethu. Esi senzo sokungakhathali nokungakhathali siya kugwetywa ngabo bonke oorhulumente. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, inani elikhulu lamazwe kunye nemimandla sele iqalile ukuthintela ukungeniswa kwempahla yaseJapan, kwaye iJapan iye yazityhala phezu kweliwa. Umbhali womhlaza womhlaba - eJapan.