iindaba

Unyango lwe-oksijini luyindlela eqhelekileyo kwindlela yonyango yanamhlanje, kwaye yindlela esisiseko yonyango lwe-hypoxemia.Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwe-oksijeni yeklinikhi ziquka i-catheter ye-oxygen ye-nasal, i-oksijeni ye-mask elula, i-Venturi mask i-oksijini, njl. Kubalulekile ukuqonda iimpawu ezisebenzayo zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-oxygen ukuqinisekisa unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokuphepha iingxaki.

Isibonakaliso esixhaphakileyo sonyango lwe-oksijeni yi-hypoxia ebukhali okanye engapheliyo, enokuthi ibangelwe yintsholongwane ye-pulmonary, isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary obstructive (COPD), ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, i-pulmonary embolism, okanye ukothuka ngokulimala okukhulu kwemiphunga.Unyango lweoksijini luluncedo kumaxhoba atshileyo, icarbon monoxide okanye ityhefu yecyanide, igesi embolism, okanye ezinye izifo.Akukho ukuchasana ngokupheleleyo kwonyango lwe-oxygen.

I-Cannula yeempumlo

Icatheter yempumlo yityhubhu ebhetyebhetye eneendawo ezimbini ezithambileyo ezifakwa emathatheni omguli.Ikhaphukhaphu kwaye inokusetyenziswa ezibhedlele, kumakhaya ezigulana okanye kwenye indawo.Umbhobho udla ngokujijwa emva kwendlebe yesigulane kwaye ubekwe phambi kwentamo, kunye nentambo ye-sliding noose buckle inokulungiswa ukuze ibambe endaweni.Inzuzo ephambili ye-catheter yempumlo kukuba isigulane sikhululekile kwaye sinokuthetha, ukusela kunye nokutya ngokulula kunye ne-catheter yempumlo.

Xa ioksijini ihanjiswa ngecatheter yempumlo, umoya ojikelezileyo uxuba neoksijini ngokwemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, yonke i-1 L / i-minute yokunyuka kwe-oxygen flow flow, i-oxygen concentration ye-oksijeni (i-FiO2) inyuka nge-4% xa kuthelekiswa nomoya oqhelekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, ukwandisa i-ventilation yomzuzu, oko kukuthi, ubuninzi bomoya ophefumlelweyo okanye okhutshwe ngomzuzu omnye, okanye ukuphefumla ngomlomo, kunokunciphisa i-oksijini, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe umlinganiselo we-oksijini ephefumulelwe.Nangona umlinganiselo ophezulu wokuhanjiswa kweoksijini ngecatheter yeempumlo yi-6 L/min, izinga lokuhamba kweoksijini elisezantsi alifane libangele ukoma kweempumlo kunye nokungonwabi.

Iindlela zokuhambisa ioksijini ezihamba kancinci, ezifana ne-catheterization yeempumlo, ayiloqikelelo oluchanekileyo lwe-FiO2, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nokuhanjiswa kweoksijini nge-tracheal intubation ventilator.Xa isixa segesi evuzayo sidlula ukuhamba kwe-oksijeni (njengezigulane ezinomzuzu ophezulu wokungena umoya), isigulane sikhupha umoya omkhulu, onciphisa i-FiO2.

Imaski yeoksijini

Njengecatheter yeempumlo, imaski elula inokubonelela ngeoksijini eyongezelelweyo kwizigulana eziziphefumlelayo.Imaski elula ayinazo iingxowa zomoya, kwaye imingxunya emincinci macala omabini emaski ivumela umoya ojikelezayo ukuba ungene njengoko uphefumla kwaye ukhulula njengoko uphefumla.I-FiO2 imiselwa yisantya sokuhamba kwe-oksijini, i-mask fit, kunye nesigulane somzuzu wokungenisa umoya.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-oksijeni inikezelwa ngesantya sokuhamba kwe-5 L ngomzuzu, okubangelwa i-FiO2 ye-0.35 kwi-0.6.Umphunga wamanzi udibanisa kwi-mask, ebonisa ukuba isigulane sikhupha, kwaye siyanyamalala ngokukhawuleza xa igesi entsha ifakwe.Ukuqhawula umgca we-oksijeni okanye ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwe-oksijeni kunokubangela ukuba isigulane sikhuphe i-oksijini eyaneleyo kwaye siphinde sikhuphe i-carbon dioxide ephumayo.Ezi ngxaki kufuneka zisonjululwe ngokukhawuleza.Ezinye izigulana zinokufumana imaski iyabophelela.

Imaski engaphefumli kwakhona

Imaski yokuphefumula engapheliyo yimaski eguquliweyo ene-oxygen reservoir, i-valve yokuhlola evumela ukuba i-oksijini ihambe kwi-reservoir ngexesha lokuphefumla, kodwa ivale i-reservoir kwi-exhalation kwaye ivumela ukuba i-reservoir izaliswe nge-100% oksijini.Akukho ukuphinda imaski yokuphefumla inokwenza i-FiO2 ifikelele kwi-0.6 ~ 0.9.

Iimaski ezingaphindi zokuphefumla zinokuxhotyiswa ngevalvu esecaleni enye okanye ezimbini ezivalayo xa ukuphefumla ukuthintela ukuphefumla komoya ojikelezayo.Vula xa ukhupha umoya ukunciphisa ukuphefumla kwerhasi ekhutshwayo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-carbonic acid ephezulu