Isibhengezo sase-US sokuphela “kwemeko kaxakeka yezempilo yoluntu” sisiganeko esibalulekileyo kumlo ochasene ne-SARS-CoV-2.Kwincopho yayo, intsholongwane yabulala izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela, yaphazamisa ngokupheleleyo ubomi kwaye yatshintsha ngokusisiseko ukhathalelo lwezempilo.Olunye lolona tshintsho lubonakalayo kwicandelo lokhathalelo lwempilo yimfuneko yokuba bonke abasebenzi banxibe iimaski, umlinganiselo ojolise ekuphumezeni ulawulo lomthombo kunye nokhuselo lokuvezwa kuye wonke umntu okwindawo yokhathalelo lwempilo, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ukusasazeka kwe-SARS-CoV-2 kumaziko okhathalelo lwempilo.Nangona kunjalo, ekupheleni “kongxamiseko lwezempilo lukawonke-wonke”, amaziko amaninzi ezonyango e-United States ngoku akasafuni kunxitywa imaski kubo bonke abasebenzi, bebuyela (njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambi kobhubhani) befuna ukunxitywa kwemaski kuphela. iimeko ezithile (njengaxa abasebenzi bezonyango benyanga izifo ezinokuthi zisuleleke ngokuphefumla).
Kusengqiqweni ukuba iimaski mazingafuneki ngaphandle kwezibonelelo zempilo.Ukugonywa okufunyenwe kugonyo kunye nosulelo lwentsholongwane, kudityaniswa nokufumaneka kweendlela zokuxilonga ngokukhawuleza kunye neendlela zonyango olusebenzayo, kunciphise kakhulu ukugula kunye nokufa okuhambelana ne-SARS-CoV-2.Uninzi losulelo lwe-SARS-CoV-2 alunangxaki ngakumbi kunomkhuhlane kunye nezinye iintsholongwane zokuphefumla uninzi lwethu olulunyamezeleyo ixesha elide kangangokuba asiziva sinyanzelekile ukuba sinxibe imaski.
Kodwa umzekeliso awusebenzi ncam kukhathalelo lwempilo, ngenxa yezizathu ezibini.Okokuqala, izigulana ezilaliswe esibhedlele zahlukile kubantu abangekho esibhedlele.Njengoko igama libonisa, izibhedlele ziqokelela abona bantu basesichengeni kuluntu luphela, kwaye bakwimeko ebuthathaka kakhulu (oko kukuthi unxunguphalo).Ugonyo kunye nonyango oluchasene ne-SARS-CoV-2 kunciphise ukugula kunye nokufa okunxulunyaniswa nosulelo lwe-SARS-CoV-2 kuninzi lwabantu, kodwa abanye abantu bahlala besengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu kunye nokufa, kubandakanya abantu abadala, abantu abangakhuselekanga, kunye nabantu abanobunzima. izifo ezingapheliyo, njengemiphunga engapheliyo okanye isifo senhliziyo.La malungu enza umlinganiselo omkhulu wezigulana ezilaliswe esibhedlele nangaliphi na ixesha, kwaye uninzi lwazo zikwatyelela rhoqo izigulane ezingalaliswayo.
Okwesibini, usulelo lwe-nosocomial olubangelwa ziintsholongwane zokuphefumla ngaphandle kwe-SARS-CoV-2 luqhelekile kodwa aluxatyiswa, njengoko zinjalo iziphumo ezibi ezi ntsholongwane ezinokuba nazo kwimpilo yezigulana ezisesichengeni.Umkhuhlane, intsholongwane yokuphefumla ye-syncytial virus (RSV), i-metapneumovirus yabantu, intsholongwane ye-parinfluenza kunye nezinye iintsholongwane zokuphefumla zinesantya esiphezulu esimangalisayo sokudluliselwa kwe-nosocomial kunye namaqela amatyala.Ubuncinci inyumoniya enye kwezintlanu inokubangelwa yintsholongwane, kunokuba ibangelwe yintsholongwane.
Ukongezelela, izifo ezinxulumene neentsholongwane zokuphefumula azikhawulelwanga kwi-pneumonia.Intsholongwane inokukhokelela ekwandeni kwezifo ezisisiseko zezigulane, ezinokubangela ingozi enkulu.Ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane yokuphefumula yimbangela eyaziwayo yesifo se-pulmonary obstructive, ukunyuka kwentliziyo, i-arrhythmia, iziganeko ze-ischemic, iziganeko ze-neurological kunye nokufa.Umkhuhlane kuphela unxulunyaniswa nokufa kwabantu abafikelela kuma-50 000 eUnited States nyaka ngamnye.Amanyathelo ajoliswe ekudambiseni umonakalo onxulumene nomkhuhlane, njengokugonywa, unokunciphisa iziganeko ze-ischemic, i-arrhythmias, ukuhluleka kwentliziyo exacerbations, kunye nokufa kwizigulane ezisengozini enkulu.
Ngokwale mbono, ukunxiba iimaski kwiindawo zokhathalelo lwempilo kusenengqondo.Iimaski zinciphisa ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane zokuphefumla kubo bobabini abantu abaqinisekisiweyo kunye nabangaqinisekiswanga abosulelekileyo.I-SARS-CoV-2, iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane, i-RSV, kunye nezinye iintsholongwane zokuphefumla zinokubangela usulelo olungephi kwaye lungabonakali, ngoko ke abasebenzi kunye neendwendwe banokungazi ukuba bosulelekile, kodwa abantu abangenazimpawu kunye naphambi kweempawu basasulela kwaye banokusasaza usulelo. kwizigulana.
Gngokunyanisekileyo, “ubuvelela” (ukuza emsebenzini nangona uziva ugula) kuhlala kuxhaphakile, ngaphandle kwezicelo eziphindaphindiweyo ezivela kwiinkokeli zenkqubo yezempilo zokuba abasebenzi abaneempawu bahlale ekhaya.Nkqu nokuphakama koqhambuko, ezinye iinkqubo zempilo zaxela ukuba iipesenti ezingama-50 zabasebenzi abafunyaniswa bene-SARS-CoV-2 beza kusebenza beneempawu.Izifundo ngaphambi nangexesha lokuqhambuka zicebisa ukuba ukunxiba iimaski ngabasebenzi bezempilo kunokunciphisa usulelo lwentsholongwane yokuphefumla olufumaneka esibhedlele malunga nama-60.%
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-22-2023